Aspirin use and clinical outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Bunditanukul et al., Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmacognosy Research, doi:10.56499/jppres_14.5.2652, PROSPERO CRD42022361632, Sep 2026
Systematic review and meta-analysis of 33 studies (5 RCTs and 28 observational studies, 187,224 participants). The RCT analysis (n=20,577) shows 5% lower mortality, without reaching statistical significance. Aspirin was associated with a 38% increased risk of major bleeding.
4 meta-analyses show significant improvements with aspirin for mortality1-3, mechanical ventilation1, and progression4.
Currently there are 79 aspirin for COVID-19 studies, showing 8% lower mortality [2‑14%], 5% lower ventilation [-5‑15%], 3% lower ICU admission [-11‑16%], 1% higher hospitalization [-4‑6%], and 5% fewer cases [-5‑14%].
Bunditanukul et al., 1 Sep 2026, peer-reviewed, 7 authors, trial PROSPERO CRD42022361632. Contact: bunchai.c@chula.ac.th.
Abstract: https://jppres.com DOI: https://doi.org/10.56499/jppres\_14.5.2652 Review Aspirin use and clinical outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis [Uso de aspirina y desenlaces clínicos en la enfermedad por coronavirus de 2019 (COVID-19): revisión sistemática y metanálisis] Krittin Bunditanukul 1 , Yotsaya Kunlamas 1 , Trai Tharnpanich 1 , Sirichai Chusiri 1 , Jiraphan Ritsamdang 1 , Chaisiri Wanlapakorn 2 , Bunchai Chongmelaxme 3,4,5* 1 Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Phyathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. 2 Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Rama 4 Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. 3 Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. 4 The Federation of Asian Pharmaceutical Associations (FAPA), College of Pharmacy, Bangkok, Thailand. 5 Revolution Health Research Consulting (RHRC) Group, Bangkok, Thailand. *E-mail: bunchai.c@chula.ac.th Abstract Context : Aspirin has been proposed as an adjunctive therapy for COVID-19. However, its clinical benefit remains uncertain. Aims : This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate whether aspirin use was associated with short-term all-cause mortality in adults with confirmed COVID-19. Methods : The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022361632). PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Scopus were searched from inception to September 2024. Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized studies comparing aspirin plus standard care with standard care alone were included. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2 and ROBINS-I. Random-effects models were used to estimate pooled risk ratios or mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. Results : Thirty-three studies were included. Thirty-one studies contributed to quantitative syntheses, and the primary mortality analysis was based on five randomized controlled trials. Aspirin use was not associated with reduced short-term all-cause mortality compared with control treatment (RR 0.95; 95% CI, 0.89-1.02). Aspirin use was associated with a significantly increased risk of major bleeding compared with control (RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.10 -1.73; p = 0.01). Evidence certainty was limited by risk of bias, heterogeneity in outcome definitions, and imprecision for some outcomes. Conclusions : The available evidence does not support the routine use of aspirin for reducing short-term mortality. Furthermore, aspirin use may be associated with an increased risk of bleeding. Keywords : aspirin; COVID-19; mortality; platelet aggregation inhibitors; SARS-CoV-2; treatment outcome. Resumen Contexto : Se ha propuesto la aspirina como tratamiento coadyuvante para la COVID-19. Sin embargo, su beneficio clínico sigue siendo incierto. Objetivos : Esta revisión sistemática y metaanálisis se realizó para evaluar si el uso de aspirina se asociaba con la mortalidad por cualquier causa a corto plazo en adultos con COVID-19 confirmada. Métodos: La revisión fue registrada en PROSPERO (CRD42022361632). Se realizaron búsquedas en PubMed, Embase, la Biblioteca Cochrane, ClinicalTrials.gov y Scopus desde el inicio de cada base de datos hasta septiembre de 2024. Se incluyeron ensayos controlados aleatorizados y estudios no aleatorizados que..
DOI record: { "DOI": "10.56499/jppres_14.5.2652", "ISSN": [ "0719-4250" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.56499/jppres_14.5.2652", "abstract": "<jats:p>Context: Aspirin has been proposed as an adjunctive therapy for COVID-19. However, its clinical benefit remains uncertain.\nAims: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate whether aspirin use was associated with short-term all-cause mortality in adults with confirmed COVID-19.\nMethods: The review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022361632). PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Scopus were searched from inception to September 2024. Randomized controlled trials and non-randomized studies comparing aspirin plus standard care with standard care alone were included. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2 and ROBINS-I. Random-effects models were used to estimate pooled risk ratios or mean differences with 95% confidence intervals.\nResults: Thirty-three studies were included. Thirty-one studies contributed to quantitative syntheses, and the primary mortality analysis was based on five randomized controlled trials. Aspirin use was not associated with reduced short-term all-cause mortality compared with control treatment (RR 0.95; 95% CI, 0.89-1.02). Aspirin use was associated with a significantly increased risk of major bleeding compared with control (RR 1.38, 95% CI 1.10–1.73; p = 0.01). Evidence certainty was limited by risk of bias, heterogeneity in outcome definitions, and imprecision for some outcomes. \nConclusions: The available evidence does not support the routine use of aspirin for reducing short-term mortality. Furthermore, aspirin use may be associated with an increased risk of bleeding.</jats:p>", "author": [ { "ORCID": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4835-0897", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Bunditanukul", "given": "Krittin", "role": [ { "role": "author", "vocabulary": "crossref" } ], "sequence": "first" }, { "ORCID": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4127-1213", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Kunlamas", "given": "Yotsaya", "role": [ { "role": "author", "vocabulary": "crossref" } ], "sequence": "additional" }, { "ORCID": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3172-5181", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Tharnpanich", "given": "Trai", "role": [ { "role": "author", "vocabulary": "crossref" } ], "sequence": "additional" }, { "ORCID": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9986-6784", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Chusiri", "given": "Sirichai", "role": [ { "role": "author", "vocabulary": "crossref" } ], "sequence": "additional" }, { "ORCID": "https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8996-5352", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Ritsamdang", "given": "Jiraphan", "role": [ { "role": "author", "vocabulary": "crossref" } ], "sequence": "additional" }, { "ORCID": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2574-3121", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Wanlapakorn", "given": "Chaisiri", "role": [ { "role": "author", "vocabulary": "crossref" } ], "sequence": "additional" }, { "ORCID": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7750-6961", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Chongmelaxme", "given": "Bunchai", "role": [ { "role": "author", "vocabulary": "crossref" } ], "sequence": "additional" } ], "container-title": "Journal of Pharmacy &amp; Pharmacognosy Research", "container-title-short": "JPPRes", "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": false, "domain": [] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2026, 9, 12 ] ], "date-time": "2026-09-12T16:28:27Z", "timestamp": 1789230507000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2026, 9, 12 ] ], "date-time": "2026-09-12T16:28:28Z", "timestamp": 1789230508000 }, "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2026, 9, 12 ] ], "date-time": "2026-09-12T17:07:22Z", "timestamp": 1789232842862, "version": "build-2803163510" }, "is-referenced-by-count": 0, "issue": "5", "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2026, 9, 1 ] ] }, "journal-issue": { "issue": "5", "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2026, 9, 1 ] ] }, "published-print": { "date-parts": [ [ 2026, 9, 1 ] ] } }, "member": "35741", "original-title": [], "page": "2652", "prefix": "10.56499", "published": { "date-parts": [ [ 2026, 9, 1 ] ] }, "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2026, 9, 1 ] ] }, "published-print": { "date-parts": [ [ 2026, 9, 1 ] ] }, "publisher": "Garval Editorial Ltda.", "reference-count": 0, "references-count": 0, "relation": {}, "resource": { "primary": { "URL": "https://jppres.com/jppres/aspirin-and-mortality-risk-in-covid-19/" } }, "score": 1, "short-title": [], "source": "Crossref", "subject": [], "subtitle": [], "title": "Aspirin use and clinical outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis", "type": "journal-article", "volume": "14" }
Please send us corrections, updates, or comments. c19early involves the extraction of 200,000+ datapoints from thousands of papers. Community updates help ensure high accuracy. Treatments and other interventions are complementary. All practical, effective, and safe means should be used based on risk/benefit analysis. No treatment or intervention is 100% available and effective for all current and future variants. We do not provide medical advice. Before taking any medication, consult a qualified physician who can provide personalized advice and details of risks and benefits based on your medical history and situation. IMA and WCH provide treatment protocols.
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