Laxative Bromo Quinine

Edwin Wiley Grove, 1889, Jan 1889

HCQ for COVID-19

1st treatment shown to reduce risk in March 2020, now with p < 0.0000000001 from 426 studies, used in 59 countries.

No treatment is 100% effective.
Protocols combine treatments.

Quinine was considered effective for respiratory infections as early as 1889.
Edwin Wiley Grove et al., 1 Jan 1889, preprint, 1 author.