Host endosomal entry / trafficking
MoreNasal & Oral Sprays / Rinses
MoreHost targets and pathways
MoreInflammatory and immune modulation
MoreOxidative stress and cytoprotection
MoreReplication inhibition (target unresolved)
MorePleiotropic modulation
MoreAttachment / entry inhibition
MoreNutrients and microbiome support
MoreIL-6 / IL-6R blockade
MorePhysical and extracorporeal interventions
MoreNatural products and extracts
MoreUnconfirmed antiviral rationale
MoreLifestyle, behaviors, and exposure prevention
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MoreHost pyrimidine synthesis
MoreDirect viral inactivation
MoreEndothelial / vascular protection
MoreDirect respiratory tract treatments
MoreOther antibodies, proteins, peptides, cells, and RNA therapies
MoreSecondary infection and coinfection management
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141 patient iodine late treatment RCT: 10% higher mortality (p=0.83), 34% lower ventilation (p=0.44), and 30% lower ICU admission (p=0.46).
RCT 141 hospitalized COVID-19 patients showing no significant difference in mortality or ICU admission with 12.5 mg daily oral iodine for 8 days. Exploratory analysis found patients receiving iodine had significantly shorter ICU stays.
Feb 2026, PLOS One, https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0341126, https://c19p.org/traksel