The association between B vitamins and the risk of COVID-19

DOI record: { "DOI": "10.1017/s0007114522003075", "ISSN": [ "0007-1145", "1475-2662" ], "URL": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114522003075", "abstract": "<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title>\n\t <jats:p>The fast spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic and its high mortality were quickly noticed by the health community. B vitamins are essential micronutrients for the body with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immune-regulating properties. The present study can provide a comprehensive picture of the associations between B vitamins and COVID-19 incidence. This study was undertaken on 9189 adult participants of the Yazd Health Study (YaHS) and Taghzieh Mardom-e-Yazd (TAMIZ) study aged 20 to 69 years. Data on dietary intakes were obtained using a validated FFQ. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between B vitamins and COVID-19. Our findings indicated that participants in the fourth quartile of vitamin B<jats:sub>5</jats:sub> intake compared with the first quartile had a protective effect against COVID-19 (OR: 0·53, 95 % CI 0·28, 0·99, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>-trend = 0·02) after adjustment for all possible confounds in model 3. In addition, participants in the third quartile of vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> intake compared with the first quartile (OR: 0·63, 95 % CI 0·40, 0·98, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic>-trend = 0·11) had fewer odds of COVID-19 after full adjustments for confounders. Our findings indicated no significant relationship between dietary intake of vitamin B<jats:sub>1</jats:sub>, B<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>, B<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>, B<jats:sub>9</jats:sub> and B-complex and COVID-19. A higher intake of vitamin B<jats:sub>5</jats:sub> could reduce the odds of COVID-19 by 47 %, and a moderate intake of vitamin B<jats:sub>12</jats:sub> had a protective effect on COVID-19. Although our study has promising results, stronger clinical studies are needed.</jats:p>", "alternative-id": [ "S0007114522003075" ], "assertion": [ { "group": { "label": "Copyright and Licensing", "name": "copyright_and_licensing" }, "label": "Copyright", "name": "copyright", "value": "© The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society" } ], "author": [ { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2636-0963", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Darand", "given": "Mina", "sequence": "first" }, { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3023-1681", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Hassanizadeh", "given": "Shirin", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Martami", "given": "Fahime", "sequence": "additional" }, { "affiliation": [], "family": "Shams", "given": "Shamim", "sequence": "additional" }, { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6455-0747", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Mirzaei", "given": "Masoud", "sequence": "additional" }, { "ORCID": "http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7482-2494", "affiliation": [], "authenticated-orcid": false, "family": "Hosseinzadeh", "given": "Mahdieh", "sequence": "additional" } ], "container-title": "British Journal of Nutrition", "container-title-short": "Br J Nutr", "content-domain": { "crossmark-restriction": true, "domain": [ "cambridge.org" ] }, "created": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 11, 9 ] ], "date-time": "2022-11-09T05:42:33Z", "timestamp": 1667972553000 }, "deposited": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 1, 23 ] ], "date-time": "2023-01-23T09:19:12Z", "timestamp": 1674465552000 }, "indexed": { "date-parts": [ [ 2023, 1, 24 ] ], "date-time": "2023-01-24T05:52:13Z", "timestamp": 1674539533667 }, "is-referenced-by-count": 0, "issued": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 11, 9 ] ] }, "language": "en", "license": [ { "URL": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms", "content-version": "unspecified", "delay-in-days": 0, "start": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 11, 9 ] ], "date-time": "2022-11-09T00:00:00Z", "timestamp": 1667952000000 } } ], "link": [ { "URL": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/S0007114522003075", "content-type": "unspecified", "content-version": "vor", "intended-application": "similarity-checking" } ], "member": "56", "original-title": [], "page": "1-9", "prefix": "10.1017", "published": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 11, 9 ] ] }, "published-online": { "date-parts": [ [ 2022, 11, 9 ] ] }, "publisher": "Cambridge University Press (CUP)", "reference": [ { "DOI": "10.30574/gscbps.2020.11.2.0114", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "S0007114522003075_ref54" }, { "DOI": "10.12669/pjms.36.COVID19-S4.2776", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "S0007114522003075_ref42" }, { "DOI": "10.1038/s41430-022-01149-8", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "S0007114522003075_ref10" }, { "DOI": "10.1016/j.cmi.2021.06.002", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "S0007114522003075_ref30" }, { "DOI": "10.3390/nu12113286", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "S0007114522003075_ref33" }, { "DOI": "10.1007/978-3-030-16073-9_7", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "S0007114522003075_ref48" }, { "article-title": "The role of folic acid in the management of respiratory disease caused by COVID-19", "author": "Sheybani", "first-page": "v1", "journal-title": "Preprint", "key": "S0007114522003075_ref19", "volume": "12034980", "year": "2020" }, { "DOI": "10.1136/bmjnph-2021-000250", "doi-asserted-by": "publisher", "key": "S0007114522003075_ref35" }, { "key": "S0007114522003075_ref28", "unstructured": "28. 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